Automakers in the world are required to grapple with global environmental issues more than ever. Many makers are investing in manufacturing BEV and batteries that are ahead of the others else. Some companies are focusing on BEV with Replaceable batteries to avoid the shortcoming of BEV. On the other hand, the development of FCV and internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEV) using hydrogen is also encouraged to reach the goal of zero-emission vehicles. In addition, the application of e-fuel that is produced with carbon dioxide in the air and hydrogen generated with
sustainable energies is under discussion.